. Electricity : its medical and surgical applications, including radiotherapy and phototherapy . thermal capacitiesor are capable of rapid heat conduction from the platinum disk. Oneof the first means devised was the construction of a target in which theplatinum disk was soldered on a solid block of copper, as shown in This metal C, having a large thermal capacity and being arapid heat conductor, tended to keep down the temperature of theplatinum P. Although a vast improvement over the plain disk, eventhis soon proved inadequate, and was followed by the construction of theheavy anode,
. Electricity : its medical and surgical applications, including radiotherapy and phototherapy . thermal capacitiesor are capable of rapid heat conduction from the platinum disk. Oneof the first means devised was the construction of a target in which theplatinum disk was soldered on a solid block of copper, as shown in This metal C, having a large thermal capacity and being arapid heat conductor, tended to keep down the temperature of theplatinum P. Although a vast improvement over the plain disk, eventhis soon proved inadequate, and was followed by the construction of theheavy anode, the Gundelach tube (Fig. 342) being one of the earliestin which this was successfully used. The heavy anode differs essentiallyfrom the previous form simply in the addition of along tubular iron jacketF (Fig. 342), into the inner end of which the copper base E is object of this jacket is to increase the heat radiating surface, and itwas made black at first with the view of presumably further increasingradiation, but many manufacturers have since failed to recognize any Fig. 347. Diagram illustrating the construction of the forerunner of the heavy anode. advantage in the black surface and have preferred to polish or nickel platethe jacket. A modified form of the heavy anode is shown in the type ofMiiller tube represented in (Fig. 345), while still another modification isemployed in one of the most modern types of tubes, such as is illustratedin Fig. 346. In the last example the outer half of the jacket T is sphtlongitudinally, and this portion fits snugly over a tubular glass projectionS, which aids the heavy metal conducting rod R in holding the wholetarget firmly in place. This split in the jacket, not shown in the draw-ing, prevents cracking of the glass support *S, through expansion andcontraction of the metal. The diagram shows an additional transversesplit through the upper half. The water-cooled anode is anotherdevice of about the same age as the heavy anode.
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