. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. 12 HOW PLANTS GllOW THE SEED. Cotyledons or Radicle or steinlet. Plumule. more and more In the soil. The other end of the stem always turns upwards, and, as the whole lengthens, the seed-leaves are brought up out of the ground, so that they expand in the light and air, — which is the proper place for leaves, as the dark and damp soil is for the root. 29. What ma
. Botany for young people and common schools. How plants grow, a simple introduction to structural botany. With a popular flora, or an arrangement and description of common plants, both wild and cultivated. Botany. 12 HOW PLANTS GllOW THE SEED. Cotyledons or Radicle or steinlet. Plumule. more and more In the soil. The other end of the stem always turns upwards, and, as the whole lengthens, the seed-leaves are brought up out of the ground, so that they expand in the light and air, — which is the proper place for leaves, as the dark and damp soil is for the root. 29. What makes the root always grow downwards into the ground, and the stem turn upwards, so as to rise out of it, we no more know, than we know why newly-hatched ducklings take to the water at once, while chickens avoid it, although hatched under the same fowl and treated just alike. But the fact is always so. And ahhough we know not how, the ichy is evident enough ; for the root Is thereby at once placed in the soil, from Avhich it has to absorb moisture and other things, and the leaves appear in the air and the light, where they are to do their work. 30. Notice how early the seed- ling plant is complete, that is, becomes a real vegetable, with all Its parts, small as the whole thing is (Fig. 21). For it al- ready possesses a root, to connect it -with the ground and draw up what it needs from that; a stem, to elevate the folias-e into the light and air; and leaves, to take in what It gets directly from the air, and to digest the whole in tlie light (as explained In the last section. Par. 7). That is, it already has all the Organs of Vegetation (Par. 1), all that any plant has before blossoming, so that the little seedling can now take care of itself, and live—just as any larger plant lives — upon the soil and the air. And all It has to do in order to become a full-grown plant, like Fig. 4, is to Increase the size of its organs, and to produce more of them ; namely, more stem with
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