. Science of railways . e to move with it. Theymust fif tighter on the rod when the steam is on thanwhen it is off. The first improvement was in adopting a cone cupon the gland end of the packing and fitting the softmetal rings into it. These rings were kept into thecone by a spring. This kept the rings in contact withthe rod, and the steam itself increased the pressurewhen the piston was doing work. UNITED STATES METALLIC PACKING. By reference to Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that thispacking consists of three babbitt rings, numbered 2. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 377 The parts referred to by numb
. Science of railways . e to move with it. Theymust fif tighter on the rod when the steam is on thanwhen it is off. The first improvement was in adopting a cone cupon the gland end of the packing and fitting the softmetal rings into it. These rings were kept into thecone by a spring. This kept the rings in contact withthe rod, and the steam itself increased the pressurewhen the piston was doing work. UNITED STATES METALLIC PACKING. By reference to Figs. 1 and 2 it will be seen that thispacking consists of three babbitt rings, numbered 2. LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES. 377 The parts referred to by number in these cutsare: 2—three babbitt rings, known as one ring;3—flange follower; 4—ball joint; 5—swab holder;6—vibrating cup; 7—gland; 8—preventer. It will be seen that all tne parts other than the bab-bitt rings are simply for the purpose of properlysecuring these in a steam-tight position against thepiston rod, with the exception of the ball joint 4, whichis to prevent the escape of steam from around the. Fig. States Piston Rod Packing. packing. The babbitt rings 2 are made each in twohalves in order to avoid the necessity of disconnectingthe crosshead from the rod, and they are placed in avibrating cup, 6, whose interior form is that of a doubleangle cone. The face of this cup 6 bears against the 378 LOCOMOTIVE APPLIANCES fiat face of the ball joint ring 4, which makes a jointwith the outer casing or gland 7; the coll spring with,its follower 3 and preventer 8 holds the whole in placewhen there is no steam pressure to do so, and thusprevents the rod from drawing them back. The soft
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