. The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine . constantduring an experiment. In experiments with voltages higherthan 40,000 volts I have used an arrange-ment of apparatus first employed yearsago in Europe for charging electricalcondensers to very high, constant differ-ences of potential by means of inductioncoils or transformers. Figure 2 representsthe circuits. An alternating current (inmy experiments usually 500 cycles per second) passes through the primary circuit,P, of the transformer, T. One end of thesecondary coil of the transformer is con-nected to the g
. The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine . constantduring an experiment. In experiments with voltages higherthan 40,000 volts I have used an arrange-ment of apparatus first employed yearsago in Europe for charging electricalcondensers to very high, constant differ-ences of potential by means of inductioncoils or transformers. Figure 2 representsthe circuits. An alternating current (inmy experiments usually 500 cycles per second) passes through the primary circuit,P, of the transformer, T. One end of thesecondary coil of the transformer is con-nected to the ground. Under these circum-stances the potential of the other terminal,S, of the secondary coil oscillates betweenplus and minus V volts, V being themaximum voltage delivered by the trans-former. A, in Figure 2, represents anelectrical valve which allows positive elec-tricity to flow in the direction of the arrow,but not in the reverse direction. Whenthe potential of S is positive, the currentflow^s through this valve to the plate Cof the electrical condenser, charging it up. Fig. to the maximum positive potential plus V volts. The positive electricity cannotflow back through the valve A, and thereforethe plate C retains its positive the potential of the terminal, S,is negative, negative electricity can flow-through the valve B (which points in adirection opposite to A), and this negativeelectricity charges the plate D of thecondenser to a negative potential minus V volts. The negative electricity cannotpass back through the valve, B, again,and therefore the plate, D, retains itsnegative charge. In this way we get atotal difference of potential between thecondenser plates, C and D, of 2 V volts,, twice the maximum voltage suppliedby 1 he transformer. The target and cathodeof the x-ray tube are joined to the twocondenser plates, as represented in Figure2. Under these conditions, if too large acurrent does not pass through the x-raytube, the difference of pot
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