Ontario High School History of England . hey laid siegeto this place, and theBritish,under GeneralBuller, tried to relieveit, British troops werepoured into SouthAfrica in such num-bers that four hundredthousand , troops served in the field against the first the British suffered reverses. Finally Lord Robertsand Lord Kitchener, Britains two most experienced gener-als, were sent to South Africa. Slowly the strengthof the Boers was worn down. They failed to take Lady-smith, or any other of the important places they besieged;while, by the middle of 1900, the British had occupied thetwo B
Ontario High School History of England . hey laid siegeto this place, and theBritish,under GeneralBuller, tried to relieveit, British troops werepoured into SouthAfrica in such num-bers that four hundredthousand , troops served in the field against the first the British suffered reverses. Finally Lord Robertsand Lord Kitchener, Britains two most experienced gener-als, were sent to South Africa. Slowly the strengthof the Boers was worn down. They failed to take Lady-smith, or any other of the important places they besieged;while, by the middle of 1900, the British had occupied thetwo Boer capitals, Bloemfontein and Pretoria. But the Dutchfarmers fought on with the tenacity of their race, and notuntil 1902 did the war end. It proved very costly, more soeven than the Crimean War, and added greatly to thealready heavy national debt of Britain. The two stateswere annexed to the British Empire, but a promise wasgiven that self-government should soon be granted. Thepromise was nobly fulfilled, when, in 1906, General Botha,. The Boer Republics MODERN BRITAIN 511 who had been the commander-in-chief of the Boer armyagainst the British, became prime minister of the Transvaalas a self-governing British colony. An even more importantresult soon followed. In 1910 the four South Africa coloniesunited to form one great state to be known as the Unionof South Africa (p. 525). Succession of Edward VII, 1901.—Before the war in SouthAfrica ended, the death of QueenVictoria in 1901 saddened thewhole British Empire. Her reignof nearly sixty-four years is thelongest in British history, andthe most remarkable for far-reaching changes in political andsocial life. The queen herself hadcome to occupy a unique positionin the world; probably no sover-eign was ever before so widelyrespected, or so generallymourned. Her successor, EdwardVII, had already reached themature age of fifty-nine, andhis long training in the difficultposition of heir to the throne, endowed him with specialtact
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