Elements of agriculture, for use Elements of agriculture, for use in schools elementsofagricu00mcbr Year: 1901 WATER IX SOILS 91 springs and wells are formed. The water that follows this impervious layer is called free or ground water, to distinguish it from^ the film moisture surrounding each soil particle. It must not be supposed that the ground water flows in a regular stream along this impervious stratum, for it does not. It fills all the spaces in the soil h'ing directly above the stratum, and drains gradually towards the spring (Fig. 1-i). We have, then, as shown in the figure, first, a
Elements of agriculture, for use Elements of agriculture, for use in schools elementsofagricu00mcbr Year: 1901 WATER IX SOILS 91 springs and wells are formed. The water that follows this impervious layer is called free or ground water, to distinguish it from^ the film moisture surrounding each soil particle. It must not be supposed that the ground water flows in a regular stream along this impervious stratum, for it does not. It fills all the spaces in the soil h'ing directly above the stratum, and drains gradually towards the spring (Fig. 1-i). We have, then, as shown in the figure, first, a layer of soil containing only film moisture, then a layer of wet soil, containing free or ground water, and, finally, the Fig. 14.—Water table in soil, a h, surface of ground; C, soil containing film moisture; D, soil containing free water; E, impervious stratum; .s; spring; E, stream; W, well. X z, line of water table. impervious layer. The digging of a well proves the truth of these statements; the well first passes through a comparatively dry soil which carries only film moisture. Finalh', the well reaches a layer of soil which is wet, and as it sinks into this layer it fills with water to the point where the wet soil begins. If carried deej^ enough, below this wet soil will be found a layer of hard clay or stone. There is usually a well marked line where the soil containing film moisture ends and the free water begins; the line xyz in Fig. 1^ shows where the change occurs, and it is called the water
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