History of Europe, ancient and medieval: Earliest man, the Orient, Greece and Rome . cles plan of campaign ? What disaster overtookAthens ? How did this affect the fortunes of Pericles ? What was theresult ? What young leader now came forward ? What business mannow tried to lead the nation ? What was the result of ten years war ?Who arranged the peace ? When ? II. Who was chiefly responsible for the reopening of the war ? Whatgreat expedition did the Athenians plan ? Who were the commanders ?Tell the story of its expedition and its end. What did Sparta now do ?What was now the internal conditi
History of Europe, ancient and medieval: Earliest man, the Orient, Greece and Rome . cles plan of campaign ? What disaster overtookAthens ? How did this affect the fortunes of Pericles ? What was theresult ? What young leader now came forward ? What business mannow tried to lead the nation ? What was the result of ten years war ?Who arranged the peace ? When ? II. Who was chiefly responsible for the reopening of the war ? Whatgreat expedition did the Athenians plan ? Who were the commanders ?Tell the story of its expedition and its end. What did Sparta now do ?What was now the internal condition of the Athenian Empire ? What part did Persia play in the war ? What can you state of therestoration of Alcibiades to office ? What was the result ? How didthe loss of her fleet affect Athens ? What terms did Sparta make ?Contrast the beginning and the end of the fifth century in Athenianhistory. Note. This tailpiece is a view of the Parthenon temple on the Acropolis at shows the better-preserved side of the building as it exists to-day. For a restorationsee Fig. CHAPTER XI THE FINAL CONFLICTS AMONG THE GREEK STATES ANDTHEIR HIGHER LIFE AFTER PERICLES I. Spartan Leadership and the DeclineOF Democracy 235. Spartan Rule : Struggle of Oligarchy and Democracy. The long struggle of Athens for the political leadership of theGreek world had failed. It now remained to be seen whetherher victorious rival, Sparta, was any better suited to undertakesuch leadership. Military garrisons commanded by Spartan offi-cers were placed in many of the Greek cities, and Spartan controlwas maintained in a much more offensive form than was the oldtyranny of Athens. In each city the Spartans established andsupported by military force a government carried on by a smallgroup of men from the noble or upper class. Such rule of a smallgroup was called oligarchy, a Greek term meaning rule of a such violent means Sparta was able to repress the democracieswhich had everywhere been hosti
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