. Bulletin. Science. Figure 41.—Sturgeon's first electromagnet. From Transactions of the Society jor the En- couragement oj the Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, 1824, vol. 43, pi. 3. [n the early portion of his studies of the Oersted effect—which led to the foundation of the science of electrodynamics ''*—Andre-Marie Ampere pointed out. Figure 42.—Sturgeon's later electromagnet. From Philosophical Magazine, 1832, vol. II, p. 201. that the combination of a wire and a magnetic needle was an indicator of an electric current and was in contrast to the (electrostatic) electrometer that detected an
. Bulletin. Science. Figure 41.—Sturgeon's first electromagnet. From Transactions of the Society jor the En- couragement oj the Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, 1824, vol. 43, pi. 3. [n the early portion of his studies of the Oersted effect—which led to the foundation of the science of electrodynamics ''*—Andre-Marie Ampere pointed out. Figure 42.—Sturgeon's later electromagnet. From Philosophical Magazine, 1832, vol. II, p. 201. that the combination of a wire and a magnetic needle was an indicator of an electric current and was in contrast to the (electrostatic) electrometer that detected an electrical tension or voltage. Although it was not the first device so called, Ampere proposed that this new combination of a wire and a magnetic needle be called a ; Independently of Ampere and of one another, Schweigger and Poggendorff, repeating Oersted's experiments, found they could increase the effect of the current on the needle by rolling the wire into a coil and placing the needle inside. Schweigger called his coil a "Ver- staerker" or multiplier (fig. 40),'^'' while Poggendorff named his a "Condensator" or condenser.^' "* A. M. Ampere, Theorie des phenomenes eleclro-dynamiqnes, uniquement deduite de I'experience, Paris, 1826. ^i-Journal de Paris, September 18, 1800, vol. 8, no. 368. A. M. Ampere, "De raction mutuelle de deux courants elec- triques," Annates de chimie et de physique, 1820, vol. 15, pp. 59-76. 66 J. S. Schweigger, "Zusaetze zu Oersted's elekbro-mag- netische Versuchen," Allgemeine Literatur-Zeitung, 1820, no. 296, cols. 622-624; "Noch einige Worte iiber diese neuen elektro- magnetischen Phanomene," Schweigger's Journal, 1821, vol. 31, pp. 35-41. 67 J. C. Poggendorff, "Account of the New Galvano-Mag- netic Condenser," Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, 1821, vol. 5, pp. 112-113. PAPER 28: DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE 19TH CENTURY: I 257. Please note th
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