. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. Wetlands -- United States; Wetland ecology -- United States; Aquatic ecology -- United States. i:;. a TEMPORARILY FLOODED b SEASONALLY FLOODED c SEMIPERMANENTLY FLOODED d INTERMITTENTLY EXPOSED e PERMANENTLY FLOODED Fig. 5. Distinguishing features and examples of habitats in the Lacustrine System. of the vegetation or the physiography and composition of the substrate—features that can be recognized without the aid of detailed environmental measure- ments. Vegetation is used at two different levels in the classification.
. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. Wetlands -- United States; Wetland ecology -- United States; Aquatic ecology -- United States. i:;. a TEMPORARILY FLOODED b SEASONALLY FLOODED c SEMIPERMANENTLY FLOODED d INTERMITTENTLY EXPOSED e PERMANENTLY FLOODED Fig. 5. Distinguishing features and examples of habitats in the Lacustrine System. of the vegetation or the physiography and composition of the substrate—features that can be recognized without the aid of detailed environmental measure- ments. Vegetation is used at two different levels in the classification. The life forms—trees, shrubs, emer- gents, emergent mosses, and lichens—are used to define classes because they are relatively easy to dis- tinguish, do not change distribution rapidly, and have traditionally been used as criteria for classification of Other forms of vegetation, such as sub- merged or floating-leaved rooted vascular plants, free- floating vascular plants, submergent mosses, and 5Our initial attempts to use familiar terms such as marsh, swamp, bog, and meadow at the class level were unsuc- cessful primarily because of wide discrepancies in the use of these terms in various regions of the United States. In an effort to resolve that difficulty, we based the classes on the fundamental components (life form, water regime, substrate type, water chemistry) that give rise to such terms. We believe that this approach will greatly reduce the misunder- standings and confusion that result from the use of the fa- miliar terms. algae, though frequently more difficult to detect, are used to define the class Aquatic Bed. Pioneer species that briefly invade wetlands when conditions are favorable are treated at the subclass level because they are transient and often not true wetland species. Use of life forms at the class level has two major advantages: (1) extensive biological knowledge is not required to distinguish between various life forms, and (2) it has b
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