. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 26 OUR SHADE TREES AND THEIR INSECT DEFOLIATORS. size and transparent wings, is rarely observed in nature. The life-dura- tion of tills sex is also very short. The female imago is naked (save a ring of pubescence near the end of the body of yellowish-white color), and entirely destitute of legs and wings (Fig. 7, c, and Fig. 9, b). She pushes her way partly out of the chrysalis, her head reaching to the lower end of the bag, where, without leaving the same, she awaits the approach of the male. The manner in which
. Bulletin. Insects; Insect pests; Entomology; Insects; Insect pests; Entomology. 26 OUR SHADE TREES AND THEIR INSECT DEFOLIATORS. size and transparent wings, is rarely observed in nature. The life-dura- tion of tills sex is also very short. The female imago is naked (save a ring of pubescence near the end of the body of yellowish-white color), and entirely destitute of legs and wings (Fig. 7, c, and Fig. 9, b). She pushes her way partly out of the chrysalis, her head reaching to the lower end of the bag, where, without leaving the same, she awaits the approach of the male. The manner in which the chrysalis shell is elon- gated and reaches to the end of the bag is shown in Fig. 9, a, and an enlarged side view of the female showing the details of structure shown at b, in the same figure. The extensility of the male genitalia, which i)ermits hira to reach the female within her bag, is set forth in the accompanying Fig. 10, where the parts are shown at rest, c and d,. Fig. 10.—Thyridopteryx ephemerceformis: b, The end of male abrtonien fioiii i he side, showiiiji jieo- italia ; c, geniialia in lepos'.- ventral view; d, do., doisal vieweiilniged. and iu action, b. Fertilizaiion being accomplished, the female works her way back within the chrysalis skin and tills it with eggs, receding as she does so toward the lower end of the bag, where, having completed the work of oviposition, she forces, witli a last effort, her shrunken body out of the opening, drops exhausted to the ground, and perishes. When the female has withdrawn the slit at the head of the puparium and the elastic opening of the bag close again, and the egjrs thus remain securely protected till they are ready to hatch the ensuing spring. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION. The Bag-worm occurs most frequently iu the more southern portion of the Middle States and in the Southern States, but seems to be absent from the Peninsula of Florida. Within these limits it extends from the Atlantic to Texas, and reache
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