. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. iberand left there to die of starvation and exposure. In manycases, as a measure of precaution, the slaves were forcedto work in chains, and to sleep in subterranean bitter hatred towards their masters, engendered byharsh treatment, is witnessed by the well-known proverb, As many enemies as slaves, and by the servile revoltsand wars of the republican period. Slaves were treated better under the empire than underthe later republic — a change to be attributed doubtlessto the influence of Stoicism and Christiani
. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. iberand left there to die of starvation and exposure. In manycases, as a measure of precaution, the slaves were forcedto work in chains, and to sleep in subterranean bitter hatred towards their masters, engendered byharsh treatment, is witnessed by the well-known proverb, As many enemies as slaves, and by the servile revoltsand wars of the republican period. Slaves were treated better under the empire than underthe later republic — a change to be attributed doubtlessto the influence of Stoicism and Christianity. From thefirst century of the empire forwards there is observable agrowing sentiment of humanity towards the edicts take away from the master the right to killhis slave, or to sell him to the trader in gladiators, or even SOCIAL LIFE. 525 to treat him with undue severity. This marks the begin-ning of a slow reform which in the course of ten or twelvecenturies resulted in the complete, or almost complete,abolition of slavery in Christian Roman Lamentation for the Dead. (From an ancient marble relief.) References. — Inge (W. R.), ** Society in Rome under the Ccesars ;a prize essay on the social life of Rome in the first century of our , education, daily life, amusements, and luxury are some fea-tures of this life that are touched upon. Lecky (W. E. H.), Historyof European Morals from Augustus to Charlemagne; 2 vols. A book offirst importance. The student is recommended to read vol. i. chap. (E.) and Koner (W.), The Life of the Greeks and Romans.(From the German.) Dill (S.), **Roman Society in the Last Centuryof the Western Empire. Read bk. v. pp. 321-376, on Characteristicsof Roman Education and Culture in the Fifth Century. Preston(H. W.) and Dodge (L.), The Private Life of the Romans (The Stu-dents Series of Latin Classics). Thomas (E.), * Roman Life underthe Ccesars. Gilman (A.), The Story of Rome (Story of the Nations),cha
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