The ecology and life history The ecology and life history of the common frog (Rana temporaria temporaria) ecologylifehisto00sava Year: 1962 INDEX 221 Spawning— associations with weather, 126-9, 131-47, 209 choice of site, 157-8 influence of rain, temperature and sunshine on, 146 Sperm emission stimulus, 170-1 Strawinski, 53-4, 56 Subject, choice of, 196-7 Sunshine, influence on spawning, 140-1 Surface films as food for tadpoles, 32, 47, 49 Swammerdam, 12, 159 Synura uvcUa, 113 Syrrophus manwckii, 84 Tables, 2x2, use of, 184 Tadpoles— aggregations of, 19-23 anatomy of, 48-53 attacks by leeches
The ecology and life history The ecology and life history of the common frog (Rana temporaria temporaria) ecologylifehisto00sava Year: 1962 INDEX 221 Spawning— associations with weather, 126-9, 131-47, 209 choice of site, 157-8 influence of rain, temperature and sunshine on, 146 Sperm emission stimulus, 170-1 Strawinski, 53-4, 56 Subject, choice of, 196-7 Sunshine, influence on spawning, 140-1 Surface films as food for tadpoles, 32, 47, 49 Swammerdam, 12, 159 Synura uvcUa, 113 Syrrophus manwckii, 84 Tables, 2x2, use of, 184 Tadpoles— aggregations of, 19-23 anatomy of, 48-53 attacks by leeches, 65-6 behaviour of, 24-42 cellulose digestion in, 44-5 C98, 46, 48, 55 differences in size in a pond, 25-42, 203-4 digestive physiology, 44-7, 50, 52 digestive structure, drawings of, 48 diseases, 58-9 food of, 44-7, 49 growth rates, 25-42 graphs, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38, 39 graphs in isolated populations, 39 lungs of, 54-6 drawings of, 48 mortality, method of calculating, using Polystotna infestation rates, 207 and Polystotna, relation of their Hfe history, 59-64 predators of, 65 psychology, 41 respiration in, 53-6 effect on ecology, 56 shortage of food for, 40 significance of weight variations, 203-4 Tadpoles {contd.)— young, nutrition, 16-18, 22 young, tropisms, 20 Techniques in ecology, variety of, 196 Temperature— and breeding cycle, 121 effect at the time of spawning, 127-31 and rainfill, effect on spawn date, 132-9, 141 and sunshine, effect on spawn date, 141-2 Thermal death points, eggs, i, 5 Thomas, 47 Thromboplastins, lo-ii, 14 Tilapia, 46 Tinbergen, 154-5, 165, 174, 197 Tippett, 184 Trends, 196 Trihydrol, 136 Triturits heheticiis, 78 Tropisms, 20, 154 Unclasping stimulus, 171 Underwater feeding, 96 Variance, analysis, 183, 185 Velum of tadpole, 50-1 Veryard, 114 Voice— female, 173 male, 111-12 Volpe, 9 Volvox globator, 44 Waring, Landgrebe, and Neill, 169, 175 Water composition, significance of the association of frogs-ponds with, 206-7 Water,
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