A dictionary, practical, theoretical and historical of commerce and commercial navigation . generalauthority over the armies of all the the native troops, called Sepoys, the in-fantry consists chiefly of Hindoos, and the cavalryof Mohammedans. The Bengal army was mostlycomposed of high-caste men, but in the Madrasand Bombay armies men of all castes and deno-minations were enlisted. The troops are not raised by any forced levy or conscription ; militaryservice in India is quite voluntary, and has beenso popular that each regiment has had a numberof supernumeraries ready to ta
A dictionary, practical, theoretical and historical of commerce and commercial navigation . generalauthority over the armies of all the the native troops, called Sepoys, the in-fantry consists chiefly of Hindoos, and the cavalryof Mohammedans. The Bengal army was mostlycomposed of high-caste men, but in the Madrasand Bombay armies men of all castes and deno-minations were enlisted. The troops are not raised by any forced levy or conscription ; militaryservice in India is quite voluntary, and has beenso popular that each regiment has had a numberof supernumeraries ready to take the place ofsuch soldiers as die or leave. The men have beenwell paid, clothed, and fed. Corporal punishmentof natives is not allowed, imprisonment being, inthe Indian as in the French army, the principalengine by which discipline is kept up. Sincethe mutiny in 1857 the native army has beenconsiderably reduced and reorganised, and thenative artillery has been abolished. The artilleryof the regular army in India is now entirely Euro-pean. A good deal of conflicting evidence was given. EAST INDIES 583 before the Parliamentary committees, in 1832 and1833, as to the real state of the Indian army, andthe degree of dependence to be placed on it; butnone could have anticipated the entire, or all butthe entire, defection of the Bengal native army,and the bloodshed and calamities by which it wasfollowed. If we wish to retain possession of thecountry, we must in future depend less on thenative, and more on the European force distributedover its surface. Two systems are open to us, on either of whichwe may attempt permanently to establish ourpower in India, viz.: 1st. By maintaining thelaws and customs, and outwardly respecting thereligious and other prejudices, of the natives ; and2nd. By vigorously labouring to subvert all these,and to effect a moral and religious revolution by,in as far as possible, Anglicising the country. Wehave hitherto acted on the first of these plans ; andthou
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