The art of anaesthesia . sthesia. (Courtesy of Dr. K. Connell, Johnsons Surgery, Appleton.) per cent, of the air breathed should be ether vapor(Figs. 48, 49 and 50). At this level, both the small childand robust alcoholic sleep in anaesthesia of proper foregoing facts throw light on the following:The value of warming liquid ether to promote evapora-tion (not the value of warming ether vapor, which is nil).Safety of the open drop mask with its hoar frost evapo-rating surface (much reduced evaporating temperature). 70 ANESTHESIA The efficiency of the closed system of anesthetizati
The art of anaesthesia . sthesia. (Courtesy of Dr. K. Connell, Johnsons Surgery, Appleton.) per cent, of the air breathed should be ether vapor(Figs. 48, 49 and 50). At this level, both the small childand robust alcoholic sleep in anaesthesia of proper foregoing facts throw light on the following:The value of warming liquid ether to promote evapora-tion (not the value of warming ether vapor, which is nil).Safety of the open drop mask with its hoar frost evapo-rating surface (much reduced evaporating temperature). 70 ANESTHESIA The efficiency of the closed system of anesthetization(because of the heat from rebreathing). The greater efficiency of using a warmed apparatus(warm metal) for induction. If one sets an ether vapor bottle in water 100° F., theether vapor which issues approaches 100 per cent, instead ofbeing 60 per cent. (460mm. of 760mm.) or less (see p. 148). If with the semi-open method the patient rebreathes alittle, this increased heat serves to give us better controlof the OmTIME Flo. 50.—Plot of ether tension in body. Recovery stage after full ether anaesthesia.(Courtesy of Dr. K. Connell, Johnsons Surgery.) The Volume Employed.—Following the question ofvapor tension or the strength of the ether vapor, the bulk ofthe vapor administered is our next consideration. In orderthat the respiration may be tranquil, a sufficient volumemust be administered. The amount necessary varies ac-cording to the individual from 10 to 18 litres a minute. The indicator on the angesthetometer shows the volumewhich is being delivered, and we are provided with themeans to regulate automatically the amount of ether addedto each litre and the consequent percentage of ether vapor. COMPLETE GENERAL ANAESTHESIA 71 The Pressure at which the Vapor is Delivered.—This vapor, which is now being delivered in sufficient vol-ume to fill all the requirements for tidal volume and at apercentage which is constantly under our control, must beadministered to the p
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