Elements of inorganic chemistry : descriptive and qualitative . olution of chlorine be desired, itmay be obtained by attaching two or three Woulff bottles, nearly rilled withcold water, and surroundedwith a cooling or freezingmixture. Should the tem-perature of any bottle con-tained in the series nearlyreach 0°, a crystalline hy-drate of chlorine is formed,whose composition isCI + 5 H20. In thus pre-paring chlorine we may rep-resent the reaction by,— 2 NaCl + Mn02+ 3 H2S04 = 2 NaHS04+ MnS04 + 2 H20 + 2 CI. In reality, however, two distinct processes are the first place the sulphuri
Elements of inorganic chemistry : descriptive and qualitative . olution of chlorine be desired, itmay be obtained by attaching two or three Woulff bottles, nearly rilled withcold water, and surroundedwith a cooling or freezingmixture. Should the tem-perature of any bottle con-tained in the series nearlyreach 0°, a crystalline hy-drate of chlorine is formed,whose composition isCI + 5 H20. In thus pre-paring chlorine we may rep-resent the reaction by,— 2 NaCl + Mn02+ 3 H2S04 = 2 NaHS04+ MnS04 + 2 H20 + 2 CI. In reality, however, two distinct processes are the first place the sulphuric acid, H2S04, acts upon thesodium chloride, NaCl, giving hydrochloric acid, HC1, andmono-sodium sulphate, NaHS04. Then the manganesedioxide, Mn02, acts upon the hydrochloric acid, manganous chloride, MnCl2, free chlorine, andwater, H20. If an excess of sulphuric acid is present, itdecomposes the manganous chloride, MnCl2, giving man-ganous sulphate, MnS04, and hydrochloric acid; andthe latter again acts upon manganese dioxide, CHLORINE. 95 The equations which give the best insight into thereactions are the following: — 2 NaGl + H2S04 = Na2S04 + 2 HC1,and 4 HC1 + Mn02 = MnCl2 + 2 H20 + 2 CI. Manganese dioxide readily gives up one part of its oxygen, and it is this which, uniting with the hydrogen of hydro chloric acid, sets the chlorine free. Queries. Why can you not collect chlorine over water or mercury ?How can you collect hydrogen by displacement ? 92. Properties. — Chlorine is a heavy, greenish-yellowgas having a strong and suffocating odor, and producinggreat irritation to the lining membranes of the throatand nostrils; and, when inhaled in sufficient quantities, itis capable even of producing suffocation and death. Exp. 71 p. Write with an organic (carmine) ink upon aslip of printed paper; moisten, and hold it in a large test-tubefull of chlorine gas. The writing disappears and the printingremains. Printers ink is made of lampblack (c
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