. Animal parasites and human disease. Medical parasitology; Insects as carriers of disease. RAT-BITE FEVER 69 Japanese authors, two epid^nics in coal mines have already been prevented by the latter method, combined with removal of inun- dated water. Rat-bite Fever In many parts of the world, especially in Japan, there occurs a disease which follows a rat bite, and is therefore known as " rat- bite ; It has been reported from various localities in the United States. Some inflammation occurs at the place of the bite and the neighboring lymph glands swell up. After several weeks a
. Animal parasites and human disease. Medical parasitology; Insects as carriers of disease. RAT-BITE FEVER 69 Japanese authors, two epid^nics in coal mines have already been prevented by the latter method, combined with removal of inun- dated water. Rat-bite Fever In many parts of the world, especially in Japan, there occurs a disease which follows a rat bite, and is therefore known as " rat- bite ; It has been reported from various localities in the United States. Some inflammation occurs at the place of the bite and the neighboring lymph glands swell up. After several weeks a high fever ensues, preceded by chills and headache. The apparently healed rat bites become inflamed and there is usually a red rash which spreads all over the body. In from three to seven days the fever subsides but it recurs, usually within a week, with similar symptoms, and the rash is more constantly present than in the first attack. In some cases there are still more relapses. The similarity of the disease to such spirochete diseases as the relapsing fevers is obvious, and its spirochaete nature was long suspected by Japanese physicians, especially when they found salvarsan to be effective in its treatment. Within the past few months some Japanese physicians (Futaki, Takaki, Taniguchi and Osumi) discovered in seven out of eight patients numerous actively moving spirochsetes in the broken-out skin and in swollen lymph glands. Animals were successfully inoculated with the disease by means of bits of skin tissue and blood containing spirochsetes. The organ- ism, which has been named Spirochceta morsus muris, is described as being an actively moving pj^ 12. Sjdro- animal, larger than Sp. pallida of syphilis, but chmta morsus muris, smaller than the relapsing fever spirochetes, for™as found in It is rather short and thick with an attenuated human and animal , J ,_. ^ _\ T infections. (Selected portion or fiagellum at each end (iig. l^). l^ong f^om figures by Fu- spirochffites
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