. The physiology of domestic animals ... Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology. 1 \ e \. Fig. 249.—Scheme op Action of the Intercostal (Landois.) I. When the rods a and b, which represent the ribs, are raised the intercostal space must he widened (e/>c<-Z). On the opposite sido, when the rods are raised, the line q h is shortened (i k<i<j h, the direc- tion of the external intercostals) ; I m is lengthened (l m < o it, the direction of the internal intercostals.'. H. When the ribs are Taisen the intercartilaginei, indicated by g h, and the external intercosta
. The physiology of domestic animals ... Physiology, Comparative; Veterinary physiology. 1 \ e \. Fig. 249.—Scheme op Action of the Intercostal (Landois.) I. When the rods a and b, which represent the ribs, are raised the intercostal space must he widened (e/>c<-Z). On the opposite sido, when the rods are raised, the line q h is shortened (i k<i<j h, the direc- tion of the external intercostals) ; I m is lengthened (l m < o it, the direction of the internal intercostals.'. H. When the ribs are Taisen the intercartilaginei, indicated by g h, and the external intercostals, in- dicated by I Jc, are shortened. When the ribs are raised the position of the muscular fibres is indicated by the diagonals of the rhombs becoming shorter. traction serve to elevate the first ribs, and so also tend to elevate the entire thoracic wall. Between the ribs are found the intercostal muscles, which form two layers, the external and internal. The external intercostal muscles are attached to the adjacent margins of each pair of ribs, and extend from the tubercles of the ribs, behind, to the commencement of the cartilages of the ribs, in front, where they terminate into a thin, membranous aponeu- rosis, which is continued forward to the sternum. They arise from the outer lip of the groove on the lower border of each rib, and are inserted into the upper border of the rib below. Their fibres are directed obliquely 37. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Smith, Robert Meade, 1854-. Chicago, A. Eger
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