. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. Fig. iiii. — A foliose lichen (^Physcia) on tree bark; note the marginal vegetative propagation characteristic of lichens, also the numerous fruiting structures, the apothecia. — From Coulter (Part I). Lichens. — Structural relations. — A lichen is a plant complex made up of a fungus body in which algae are enclosed. Formerly lichens were supposed to be in- dividual plants, and the green cells, now known to be algae, were called gonidia (figs. 1111-1113). The dual nature of lichens was discov- ered by making sep- arate cultures o
. A textbook of botany for colleges and universities ... Botany. Fig. iiii. — A foliose lichen (^Physcia) on tree bark; note the marginal vegetative propagation characteristic of lichens, also the numerous fruiting structures, the apothecia. — From Coulter (Part I). Lichens. — Structural relations. — A lichen is a plant complex made up of a fungus body in which algae are enclosed. Formerly lichens were supposed to be in- dividual plants, and the green cells, now known to be algae, were called gonidia (figs. 1111-1113). The dual nature of lichens was discov- ered by making sep- arate cultures of the constituent algae and fungi through entire developmental cycles. Also spores from the fungus ele- ment of the lichen were sown among algae that had been growing separately in nature, and the developing fungus mycelium enclosed the latter, forming a lichen of the usual kind. Commonly the algal symbionts are well-known forms, such as Pleurococcus and Nostoc, but the fungi are most diverse and generally unlike other fungi, suggesting that. Fig. 1112. — A section through an apothecium of a lichen (Anaptychia), showing the spore-bearing layer (hymenium), beneath which is the loose mycelium of the lichen body; these portions are in large part invested by the dense cortical mycelium with its numerous groups of algae; considerably magnified. — After Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Coulter, John Merle, 1851-1928; Barnes, Charles Reid, 1858-1910, joint author; Cowles, Henry Chandler, 1869- joint author. New York, Cincinnati [etc] American book company
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