The Clyde from its source to the sea, its development as a navigable river, the rise and progress of marine engineering and shipbuilding on its banks, and the leading historical, geological, and meteorological features of the Clyde Valley . operations gradually openingup. In reference to the great invention of James Watt,the late Professor Macquorn Rankine says: Watt setto work scientifically from the lirst. He studied thelaws of pressure ofelastic fluids, andof the evaporatingaction of heat, sofar as they wereknown in his time;he ascertained asaccurately as hecould, with themeans of experi-me
The Clyde from its source to the sea, its development as a navigable river, the rise and progress of marine engineering and shipbuilding on its banks, and the leading historical, geological, and meteorological features of the Clyde Valley . operations gradually openingup. In reference to the great invention of James Watt,the late Professor Macquorn Rankine says: Watt setto work scientifically from the lirst. He studied thelaws of pressure ofelastic fluids, andof the evaporatingaction of heat, sofar as they wereknown in his time;he ascertained asaccurately as hecould, with themeans of experi-menting at his dis-posal, the expendi-ture of fuel in eva-porating a givenquantity of water,and the relationsbetween the temperature, pressure, and volume of , reasoning from the data which he had thus ob-tained, he framed a body of principles expressing theconditions of the efficient and economic working of thesteam engine, which are embodied in an invention de-scribed by himself in the following words, in the speci-fication of his patent of 1769: My method of lessoningthe consumption of steam, and consequently fuel, in fireengines, consists of the following principles: Firstly, that vessel in which the powers of steam are. James Watt.—From a print )jy lloU, afterSir W. Beechy. 204 THE CLYDE: FROM SOURCE TO SEA. to be employed to work the engine, which is called thecylinder in common lire-engines, and which I call thesteam-vessel, must, durin*! the whole time the eno;ine isat work, be kept as hot as the steam that enters it;first, by inclosing it in a case of wood or any other mate-rials that transmit heat slowly; secondly, by surroundingit with steam or other heated bodies; and thirdly, bysuffering neither water or any other substance colderthan the steam to enter or touch it during that time. Secondly, in engines that are to be worked whollyor partially by condensation of steam, the steam is to becondensed in vessels distinct from the steam-vessels orcylinders, alt
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, bookpublisherlondo, bookyear1888
