. Surgery, its principles and practice . ptation of its requirements is seen also when, afterresection of a cancer low in the rectum, the gut is left opening into the EXAMINATION OF THE RECTUM. 115 vagina, and the end of the sigmoid at the artificial anus has been sewedup and dropped back into the abdomen; there is ahiiost an entire abey-ance of mucus-secretion. Pathologic conditions found in the rectum result from two causes:First, development of embryonic tissue into neoplasms; second, ulcer-ative growths from irritation or infection. The fetal development of the rectal structure is from the
. Surgery, its principles and practice . ptation of its requirements is seen also when, afterresection of a cancer low in the rectum, the gut is left opening into the EXAMINATION OF THE RECTUM. 115 vagina, and the end of the sigmoid at the artificial anus has been sewedup and dropped back into the abdomen; there is ahiiost an entire abey-ance of mucus-secretion. Pathologic conditions found in the rectum result from two causes:First, development of embryonic tissue into neoplasms; second, ulcer-ative growths from irritation or infection. The fetal development of the rectal structure is from the externalepithelial layer of the ovum. Infolded on the abdominal aspect it be-comes the alimentary canal, while on the dorsal it becomes the the junction of these, in the very early weeks of embryonic growth,there is a portion where there is practical continuity. This soon becomesobliterated by a covering in of the entire dorsal surface over both; andin an atrophic state the so-called post-anal gut lingers until reduced to a ^. Fig. 78.—Rectal and Sigmoid Inspection by Electric Illumination with the Patient in THE Knee-chest Position. cellular remnant. At this step a dimpling of the external epiblasticlayer takes place at the site of the anus; which unites with the internaltube to complete the rectum. It is in this region of embryonic fetalstructures that we find development of tumors, just as in the neck andface the branchial clefts constitute a region favorable for neoplasms. Examination of the Rectum.—No study of rectal diseases can besatisfactory unless a knowledge of the methods and aids which havebeen found helpful is possessed. Examination by the eye and the educated finger will reveal to thesurgeon enough to satisfy him as to many of the diseases of the anus;but unless he is careful to use a speculum for internal observation, hewill frequently miss the essential causes of trouble, both in the anal andhigher parts of the rectum. At the margin of the anus, f
Size: 1400px × 1784px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectg, booksubjectsurgery
