. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. THE ANATOMY OF BIBDH. — OSTEOLOGY. 147 The Clavicles, or Furculuni (Lat. clariculn, ii littl(i key : furculiim, a little fork ; figs. 56, 59, d), or the ckivicuU
. Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology: an outline of the structure and classification of birds; and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds. Birds; Birds; 1887. THE ANATOMY OF BIBDH. — OSTEOLOGY. 147 The Clavicles, or Furculuni (Lat. clariculn, ii littl(i key : furculiim, a little fork ; figs. 56, 59, d), or the ckivicuUir aroh, arc the pair (jf hones whicli when uuited together form tlie ohjcet well known as the " uicrry-thought" or " wish-hone," corresjKJuding to the human " ; They lie in front of the breast, across the njiddle line of the hody like a V or U ; the upper ends uniting as a rule both with scapula and coracoid. For this purpose, in most birds, the ends are expanded more or less ; such expansion is called the epideidium (Gr. iit'i, epi, upon ; kXeiSioi/, Ideidion, the collar-bone) ; in Passerine birds it is said to ossify separ- ately, and is considered by Parker to represent the jJi'^coracoid of reptiles. At the point of union below, the hones often develop a process (well shown iu the domestic fowl) called the lnjpo- deidium (Gr. vTrd, hypo, under ; fig. 59, he), supposed to represent the interdavide of reptiles. The clavicles are as a rule present, perfect, anchylosed together, articulated at the shoulder; in a few birds anchylosed there; in several, there and with the keel of the sternum; in Opdsihocomus there and with the manubrium of the sternum. In various birds, chiefly Picarian and Psittaciue, tliey are de- fective, not meeting each other. They are wanting in Struthio, Ehea, Apteryx, and some Psiitadda;. Besides curving tfiward each other, the clavicles have usually a fore-and-aft curvature, convex for- ward. In general, the s
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1887
