The mineral topaz is a highly valued, semi-precious gemstone. Chemically it is an aluminium silicate fluoride hydroxide [Al2SiO4(F,OH)2]. This orange-yellow variety is referred to as 'imperial topaz' and considered the most valuable. This unworked sample is from Kabaya, Rwanda.

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Photo credit: © DIRK WIERSMA/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
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