. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. PERCESOCES 641 scales. Eibs attached to the extremity of strong parapophyses. rectoral fin inserted low down, with a lower portion consisting of free rays; the upper portion, or fin proper, attached to the scapula, the lower to a fenestrate bone which appears to be formed by coalesced pterygials (Fig. 391, pt?). Ventral fin more or less approximated to the pectoral, with one spine and five soft rays ; pelvic bones suspended from the post-clavicles. Two well- separated dorsal fins, the anterior formed of a small number of spines. Air-bladder, if present
. The Cambridge natural history. Zoology. PERCESOCES 641 scales. Eibs attached to the extremity of strong parapophyses. rectoral fin inserted low down, with a lower portion consisting of free rays; the upper portion, or fin proper, attached to the scapula, the lower to a fenestrate bone which appears to be formed by coalesced pterygials (Fig. 391, pt?). Ventral fin more or less approximated to the pectoral, with one spine and five soft rays ; pelvic bones suspended from the post-clavicles. Two well- separated dorsal fins, the anterior formed of a small number of spines. Air-bladder, if present, very large. The vertebrae number 24 (10 -|- 14).. Fig. 392.—Polynemus quadrifiUs, x J. (After Cnvier and Valenciennes.; Three closely allied genera: Polynemus, Pentanemus, and Galeoides, with about 2 0 species, from the shores of tropical seas, often entering rivers. Some attain a length of 4 feet, and are valued as food or for the isinglass yielded by their air-bladder. The free pectoral filaments are organs of touch, and can be moved independently of the fins. Fam. 6. CMasmodontidae.—The deep-sea genera, Chias- viodon, Pseudoscopelus, and Champsodon, which have been placed either with the Gadidae, the Trachinidae, or the Berycidae, may be referred to the Percesoces, as the pelvic fins have only a ligamentous connexion with the pectoral arch. Unfortunately, the skeleton has only been examined in Champsodon; it is remarkably similar to that of the Atherinidae. As in Atherin- ichthys, the posterior extremity of the air-bladder is protected by a bony sheath foi-med by the expanded ring-like haemal processes of the anterior caudal vertebrae. Vertebrae 32 (164-16). The VOL. vir 2 T. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Harmer, S. F. (Sidney Frederic), Sir, 1862- ed; Shipley, A. E. (Arthur Everet
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectzoology, bookyear1895
