. Cyclopedia of American government . American con-tinent and the second largest city of the of its location and area and the num-ber, character and distribution of its popula-tion, the city presents a unique and stupendousproblem in American municipal government. New York is situated at the mouth of theHudson River, upon a harbor offering facilitiesfor shipping which are unrivalled upon theeastern coast. The connection of this harborwith Long Island Sound by the East River and 83 539 with the Great Lakes by the Hudson River andErie Canal, which was opened in 1825, as wellas the
. Cyclopedia of American government . American con-tinent and the second largest city of the of its location and area and the num-ber, character and distribution of its popula-tion, the city presents a unique and stupendousproblem in American municipal government. New York is situated at the mouth of theHudson River, upon a harbor offering facilitiesfor shipping which are unrivalled upon theeastern coast. The connection of this harborwith Long Island Sound by the East River and 83 539 with the Great Lakes by the Hudson River andErie Canal, which was opened in 1825, as wellas the opportunities which its shores offer forrailroad terminals, has contributed largely tothe growth of the citys commerce and covers an area of 287 square miles, includ-ing Manhattan Island and the small is-lands off its shore, 40 square miles of themainland adjoining to the north, the entirewestern end of Long Island, including 175square miles, and Staten Island on the westside of the harbor, 48 square miles. NEW YORK CITY. Boundaries of the City op New York, Showing Territorial Changes Until 1873 the city of New York was confinedto Manhattan Island and the adjacent islandsin the East River and New York Harbor. Ad-ditions northward in that year and in 1895brought in the territory which makes up thepresent Borough of the Bronx. In 1896 theact was passed which created the Greater Cityof New York, comprising the whole of theold city and county of New York, the whole ofBrooklyn or Kings county, Staten Island orRichmond county, and Long Island City, thetowns of Newtown and Flushing and part ofthe town of Hempstead, which became the newQueens county. The charter of the greater citytook effect on January 1, 1898, and no exten-sions have been made since that date (1913).The city, therefore, comprises the whole of fourcounties, New York, Kings, Queens and Rich-mond and is divided for purposes of local gov-ernment into five boroughs, Manhattan, Bronx,Brooklyn, Queens and Richmo
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