Suction gas plants . Fig. 63.—Sutherland, 1882. distillates formed in the upper part of the outer chamber aredecomposed in the central retort. Sutherlands producer consists of two chambers, which are used 190 SUCTION GAS PLANTS. alternately for gas production and tar decomposition. Bellemploys three chambers, connected together in series. By anarrangement of valves the order of the chambers can be variedso that the chamber which has previously been heated up bycombustion is employed for the decomposition of the tar. Forthe decomposition of the tar to be satisfactorily carried out, thelayer of
Suction gas plants . Fig. 63.—Sutherland, 1882. distillates formed in the upper part of the outer chamber aredecomposed in the central retort. Sutherlands producer consists of two chambers, which are used 190 SUCTION GAS PLANTS. alternately for gas production and tar decomposition. Bellemploys three chambers, connected together in series. By anarrangement of valves the order of the chambers can be variedso that the chamber which has previously been heated up bycombustion is employed for the decomposition of the tar. Forthe decomposition of the tar to be satisfactorily carried out, thelayer of coke must be of considerable depth, and hence thoseproducers which most nearly carry out those conditions wouldprobably give the best results. Those producers which depend for their action on the drivingforce of a jet of steam are not suitable for use with very bituminouscoal, as the reduction of the steam lowers the temperature too. Fiii. liell, 1906. far to allow of reduction of the gases unless a large quantity ofair be used, which would naturally impoverish the gas. It has often been said that a poor gas is inore suitable for gasengine work, as danger of pre-ignition is reduced. This is onlypartly true. A gas rich in hydrogen is very liable to pre-ignite,but when the gas is enriched with hydrocarbons this danger isnot only obviated, but a very suitable gas for the internalcombustion engine with a high flame temperature is obtained. Hence, from this aspect, the method of destruction of tar bydecomposition, although not so complete as that by combustion,seems much more preferable, as the hydrocarbons of the coal arenot only retained in the power gas, but their quantity increasedby the decomposition of the tar. APPENDIX IV. METHOD OF DETECTING THE PEESENCE OF CARBONMONOXIDE IN GAS ENGINE EXHAUST. As the efficiency of a gas engine depends largely on theexplosive mixture, it is a veryimportant matter to obtain
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