Religions of the ancient world, including Egypt, Assyria, and Babylonia, Persia, India, Phoenicia, Etruria, Greece, Rome . y or dwarf. A figure of this last descriptionprovoked the ridicule of Cambyses, the Persianconqueror of Egypt, who entered the grandtemple of Phthah at Memphis, and made greatsport of the image. Forms of Phthah are alsofound consisting of two figures placed back toback, and even of three figures placed at anangle. These seem, how-ever, to represent combi-nations of Phthah withother nearly allied gods,and are called commonly figures of Ihthah- Sokari,or of Phthah - Sokari -
Religions of the ancient world, including Egypt, Assyria, and Babylonia, Persia, India, Phoenicia, Etruria, Greece, Rome . y or dwarf. A figure of this last descriptionprovoked the ridicule of Cambyses, the Persianconqueror of Egypt, who entered the grandtemple of Phthah at Memphis, and made greatsport of the image. Forms of Phthah are alsofound consisting of two figures placed back toback, and even of three figures placed at anangle. These seem, how-ever, to represent combi-nations of Phthah withother nearly allied gods,and are called commonly figures of Ihthah- Sokari,or of Phthah - Sokari -Osiris. Ka was the Egyptiansun-god, and was especi-ally worshipped at HeUo-polis. Obelisks, accordingto some,^ represented hisrays, and were always, orusually, erected in hishonour. HeliopoHs wascertainly one of the places which were thusadorned, for one of the few which still standerect in Egypt is on the site of that city. Thekings for the most part considered Ea theirspecial patron and protector; nay, they went 1 Herod, iii. 37. 2 Zoega, De Obeliscis; PHn. xxxvi. R, s. 14. 3 See the Frontispiece of this EA. THE KELIGION OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. 27 SO far as to identify themselves with him, to usehis titles as their own, and to adopt his nameas the ordinary prefix to their own names andtitles. This is believed by many to have been theorigin of the word Pharaoh, which was, it isthought, the Hebrew rendering of Ph Ea — thesun. Ea is sometimes represented simply by adisk, coloured red, or by such a disk with the anlih,or symbol of life, attached to it; but more com-monly he has the figure of a man, with a hawkshead, and above it the disk, accompanied byplumes, or by a serpent. The beetle (scarabaeus)was one of his emblems. As for his titles, they aretoo numerous to mention : the Litany of Ea -alone contains some hundreds of them. Osiris was properly a form of Ea. He was thelight of the lower world, the sun from the time thathe sinks below the horizon in the west t
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