. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada . Botany; Botany; Botany. 100 THE STAMENS, OB AndrcEoium (and gynoedum) of Frankenia (after Peyer). 887, Stamen (adnate) of morning- glory. 338, Same enlarged, with pollen grains discharged ; /, filament; a, a, anther, 2-lobed; c, top of the conneotile. 839, BanuncalDS. 340, Same, cut transversely. 841, Iris cut transversely <extrorse). 842, Amaryllis, versatile. 843, Larkspur, innate, 844, Same, cut. f 493. The filament (Jilum, a thre
. Class-book of botany : being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants : with a flora of the United States and Canada . Botany; Botany; Botany. 100 THE STAMENS, OB AndrcEoium (and gynoedum) of Frankenia (after Peyer). 887, Stamen (adnate) of morning- glory. 338, Same enlarged, with pollen grains discharged ; /, filament; a, a, anther, 2-lobed; c, top of the conneotile. 839, BanuncalDS. 340, Same, cut transversely. 841, Iris cut transversely <extrorse). 842, Amaryllis, versatile. 843, Larkspur, innate, 844, Same, cut. f 493. The filament (Jilum, a thread) is the stalk supporting the anther at or near its top. It is ordinarily slender and filiform, yet firmly sustaining itself with the anther in position. Sometimes it is capillary and pendulous with its weight, as in the Grasses. p 494. The anther is regularly an oblong body at the summit of the filament, composed of two hollow parallel lobes joined to each other and to the filament by the connectile. In front of the conneotile, looting toward the pistil, there is usually a furrow ; on its back a ridge, and on the face of each lobe a seam, the usual place of dehiscence or opening, all running parallel with the filament and connectile. The stamen, as thus described, may be oonaidered regular or typical iu form, and is well exemplified in that of the buttercup (Fig. 339). But the variations of struc- ture are as remarkable here as in other organs, depending on circumstances like the following— 495. AiTAOHMEKT OF FILAMENT TO ANTHEB. This may oGour in three ways. The anther is said to be innate when it stands centrally erect on the top of the fila- ment, adnate whan it seems attached to one side of the filament, versatile when connected by a single point in the back to the top of the filament. 496. Dehiscence, or the modes of opening, are also three, viz., valvular, where the seam opens vertically its whole length, which is the usual way; porous where the cells open by a chink
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