. The Canadian horticulturist. Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario; Fruit-culture. The Canadian Horticulturist. 93. OUR OUT-DOOR GRAPES AND THEIR DEVELOP- MENT FROM THE NATIVE SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICA. S far as limits will permit, it will be our purpose to take a retro- spective course along the pathway of the development of the Grape, from the period of the discovery of this continent, to the present day. The first colonist of North America found wild grapes in profusion and distinguished the species as the Fox and Frost grape. As early as 1564 wine was made of them. An early writer on the
. The Canadian horticulturist. Fruit Growers' Association of Ontario; Fruit-culture. The Canadian Horticulturist. 93. OUR OUT-DOOR GRAPES AND THEIR DEVELOP- MENT FROM THE NATIVE SPECIES OF NORTH AMERICA. S far as limits will permit, it will be our purpose to take a retro- spective course along the pathway of the development of the Grape, from the period of the discovery of this continent, to the present day. The first colonist of North America found wild grapes in profusion and distinguished the species as the Fox and Frost grape. As early as 1564 wine was made of them. An early writer on the subject tells us, the Rev. F. Higginson of the Massachusetts Colony wrote home in 1629, " Excellent vines are here up and down the woods, our Gov- ernor has already planted a vineyard with great hope of ; Grapes were found by the first settlers of Canada along the St. Lawrence as far north as the Isle of Orleans, and we conclude that they were in abundance from the fact of its being called by Jacques Cartier " Isle de ; Indeed from early accounts our ancestors showed equally as much enthusiasm over the grapes found indigenous to the country, as that evinced by us in this last half of our century over the descendents of the same given us by nature and art. The late Prof. Asa Gray arranges the genus Vitis of North America into four| divisions, viz. : Vitis Labrusca, or Fox grape; Vitis cordifolia, or Frost grape; Vitis vulpina, Muscadine, or Southern Fox grape; and Vitis aestivalis, or Summer grape. The great array of varieties now in cultivation are the result of either spontaneous or of artificial hybridizing. Except in California and Mexico attempts on this continent to introduce the European species of grapes have ultimately proved failures. While one of our native species, from the resistant power of its roots to the Phylloxera, has given the European vineyardist valuable stock for grafting upon, that have saved their vineyards from total
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